A Terapia Ocupacional enfatiza a importância da consciência coletiva sobre a doença de Alzheimer, celebrando de forma sinérgica o mês de Setembro que é considerado o Mês Mundial da Doença de Alzheimer, uma campanha internacional para promover a sensibilização das pessoas e desafiar os estigmas que cercam a doença.
Ainda não foi encontrada a sua cura, mas é possível adiar o aparecimento dos sintomas com atividades que promovem a saúde da mente. No Brasil, cerca de 2 milhões de pessoas vivem com alguma forma de demência e 100 mil novos casos são diagnosticados por ano. Em todo o mundo, o número chega a 50 milhões de pessoas. Segundo estimativas da Alzheimer’s Disease International, os números poderão chegar a 74,7 milhões em 2030 e 131,5 milhões em 2050, devido ao envelhecimento da população.
Esse cenário mostra que a doença caracteriza uma crise global de saúde que deve ser enfrentada.
A Terapia Ocupacional atua com pacientes portadores da doença de Alzheimer, focando sua intervenção na capacitação da pessoa para o desempenho e envolvimento em ocupações que a própria considere como significativas, sendo que estas ocupações poderão estar relacionadas com os autocuidados, com lazer ou com produtividade.
Na sua intervenção, o Terapeuta Ocupacional tem em consideração três dimensões, sendo elas a pessoa, a ocupação e o ambiente, podendo intervir em cada uma delas
O Terapeuta Ocupacional é o profissional qualificado para intervir:
- ao nível das Atividades da Vida Diária, realizando por exemplo, treinamento de alimentação ou treinamento de higiene;
- na manutenção e promoção da participação em ocupações que vão ao encontro dos desejos e necessidades da pessoa;
- na promoção da participação em atividades terapêuticas estimulantes em termos cognitivos, motores, emocionais e sensoriais;
- na graduação das ocupações, de forma a permitir à pessoa um maior sucesso no seu desempenho;
- na adaptação do ambiente físico à pessoa com demência, permitindo assim a diminuição do risco de quedas e uma maior segurança;
- destacadamente no apoio e aconselhamento dos cuidadores.
Nas fases iniciais do Alzheimer, o papel do Terapeuta Ocupacional está principalmente relacionado com a informação prestada à pessoa e ao cuidador, com a adaptação do ambiente, de forma a garantir a segurança e na manutenção das Atividades Instrumentais da Vida Diária (AIVD).
A nossa casa deve ser um local seguro e onde nos sentimos mais tranquilos em relação ao nosso familiar com doença de Alzheimer, portanto a atividade do Terapeuta Ocupacional no formato Home-care é o mais indicado, diante da assimilação pelos envolvidos em locais conhecidos.
Apesar de ainda não haver cura para a doença de Alzheimer, mas existem opções de tratamento: medicamentos (disponíveis nas farmácias do SUS), reabilitação cognitiva, Terapia Ocupacional, controle de pressão alta, diabetes e colesterol, além de atividade física regular, sempre buscando ajudar a manter a qualidade de vida por mais tempo.
Siga essas atitudes abaixo para ajudar na prevenção da doença do Alzheimer:
– tenha uma vida ativa e com objetivos;
– pratique atividade física regular por pelo menos por 150 minutos por semana;
– controle os fatores de risco cardiovascular, como hipertensão e diabetes;
– procure estudar e adquirir conhecimento;
– trabalhe sua capacidade de concentração;
– durma bem.
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